Ampicillin Sodium

Appearance: White or off white powder or crystal, odorless or slightly odorous, slightly bitter in taste, with hygroscopicity. Soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in ether.

Pharmacological effects: Belonging to the β - lactam class of antibiotics, it exerts bactericidal effects by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. The effect on Gram positive bacteria is similar to penicillin, with better effects on Streptococcus pyogenes and Enterococcus, but ineffective against penicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. It also has antibacterial activity against some Gram negative bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pertussis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella.

Pharmacokinetics: Rapid absorption after injection, high blood drug concentration, but also rapid decline. After intramuscular or subcutaneous injection, the half-life in animals varies depending on the species, such as 0.57-1.06 hours in pigs. After absorption, it can be distributed to various tissues and can reach antibacterial concentrations in blood, urine, and bile. It can penetrate into cerebrospinal fluid and joint fluid, and the amount of penetration can increase during inflammation. Mainly excreted through urine and bile, most drugs are excreted within 6 hours after oral, intramuscular, or intravenous administration.

Function and Application: Mainly used to treat sepsis caused by sensitive bacteria, respiratory tract, digestive tract, urinary and reproductive tract infections, etc. Can be used for bovine Pasteurella disease, pneumonia, mastitis, etc; Bronchopneumonia, uterine inflammation, etc. in horses; Porcine enteritis, pneumonia, piglet dysentery, etc; Mastitis, pneumonia, etc. in sheep; It can also be used for bacterial infections in poultry and bacterial enteritis, hemorrhagic diseases, etc. in aquatic products.

Usage and dosage:

Sodium ampicillin for injection: intramuscular or intravenous injection, calculated as ampicillin, once per 1kg body weight, 10-20mg for livestock, 2-3 times a day, for 2-3 consecutive days. The rest period for cows is 6 days, pigs is 15 days, and sheep is 28 days (tentative). The milk giving period for cows and sheep is 48 hours.

Ampicillin Sodium Soluble Powder: Mixed drink, calculated as ampicillin, 60mg per 1L of water for chickens, with a 7-day rest period. Prohibited for laying hens during egg laying period.

Adverse reactions: Allergic reactions may occur, and in severe cases, anaphylactic shock may occur. High dose use may cause central nervous system toxicity reactions such as seizures, as well as kidney damage.

Precautions:

1. Animals allergic to penicillin are prohibited.

2. Adult ruminants are prohibited from oral administration, and horses are not suitable for long-term oral administration.

3. After dissolution, it should be used immediately, preferably using neutral liquids as solvents, which decompose quickly in acidic glucose solutions.

4. Cannot be mixed with growth inhibitors such as macrolides and tetracyclines, as well as calcium and vitamin B supplements. Co administration with aminoglycosides can exhibit a synergistic effect. Compatibility with sulfonamide drugs and antipyretic and analgesic drugs such as metamaterial can increase the blood concentration of ampicillin.

Storage: Light shielded, sealed, and stored in a dry place.

Specification: There are usually specifications with a content of 98%, and the packaging is commonly 25 kilograms per barrel