Calcium Pantothenate

• Chemical Formula: C₁₈H₃₂CaN₂O₁₀
• Molecular Weight: 476.54 g/mol
• Appearance: A white to off-white, crystalline powder.
• Solubility: Freely soluble in water and glycerol, sparingly soluble in ethanol.
• Stability: Stable under normal conditions, but sensitive to heat and light.

• Energy Metabolism: Essential for the synthesis and breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
• Lipid Synthesis: Critical for the production of fatty acids, cholesterol, and phospholipids.
• Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Involved in the synthesis of acetylcholine.
• Hemoglobin Synthesis: Aids in the production of hemoglobin.
• Skin and Hair Health: Supports the maintenance of healthy skin, hair, and mucous membranes.
• Immune Function: Contributes to normal immune system function.

• USP (United States Pharmacopeia): Standard for pharmaceutical and nutritional use.
• EP (European Pharmacopoeia): Standard for the European market.
• JP (Japanese Pharmacopoeia): Standard for the Japanese market.
• Feed Grade: Adheres to standards set by organizations like the FDA (USA) and FSA (UK) for animal feed applications.

• Assay: Typically ≥ 98.0% (on a dried basis).
• Loss on Drying: ≤ 5.0%.
• Heavy Metals: ≤ 10 ppm.
• Arsenic: ≤ 2 ppm.
• Microbiological Limits: Must comply with specified limits for total viable count, yeast, molds, and pathogens.

• Safety Profile: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices. It has a low toxicity profile.
• Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA): Varies by age and gender, typically ranging from 4 to 7 mg for adults.
• Upper Tolerable Intake Level (UL): Not established, as excessive intake is usually excreted in urine without causing toxicity.